What Is Popcorn Lung?
Popcorn lung, or bronchiolitis obliterans, is a rare but serious lung condition that causes permanent scarring and narrowing of the small airways in the lungs (bronchioles). This leads to long-term breathing problems and reduced lung function.
The name “popcorn lung” comes from a case in the early 2000s, when workers in a microwave popcorn factory developed the disease after inhaling a buttery-flavored chemical called diacetyl used in flavoring.
The Link Between Vaping and Popcorn Lung
So, the big question:
Can vaping cause popcorn lung?
The answer: In theory, yes — if the e-liquid contains diacetyl.
Early studies found that some e-liquids, especially buttery, custard, or creamy flavors, contained diacetyl. Inhaling it over time may damage lung tissue, just like it did to popcorn factory workers.
However, today, most reputable e-liquid manufacturers no longer use diacetyl, especially in countries with strict regulations like the UK, US, and EU.
What Do Studies and Experts Say?
Here are a few key facts:
- The FDA has not officially confirmed a direct link between vaping and popcorn lung, but acknowledges the potential risk if diacetyl is present.
- A 2015 Harvard study tested 51 flavored e-liquids — 39 of them contained detectable levels of diacetyl.
- However, to date, there are no confirmed medical cases of vapers developing popcorn lung from vaping alone.
In short: the risk is real, but extremely low if you’re using high-quality, diacetyl-free products.
Other Risks to Consider
While popcorn lung gets a lot of attention, the bigger concern with vaping is general lung irritation or inflammation, especially when:
- Using cheap or counterfeit coils
- Vaping unregulated or homemade e-liquids
- Vaping at high temperatures (dry hits)
How to Vape Safely and Avoid Popcorn Lung
To reduce your risk:
- Only buy e-liquids from trusted brands — look for labels like “Diacetyl-Free” or “Lab Tested”.
- Avoid suspicious custard or buttery flavors from unknown sources.
- Don’t chain vape or use excessive wattage.
- Clean your device regularly and replace coils often.
- Pay attention to your body — if you feel shortness of breath, chronic coughing, or wheezing, consult a doctor.
Conclusion: Can Vaping Cause Popcorn Lung? Technically Yes — But Rarely
Popcorn lung is caused by inhalation of diacetyl, which was once found in certain e-liquids. But today, the risk is very low if you’re using legitimate, high-quality vape products.
So, vaping does not automatically lead to popcorn lung, but it’s smart to stay informed, choose safe products, and vape responsibly.